In previous article, we have discussed the technical requirements for electric vehicle batteries and have briefly introduced the basic characteristics of Li-ion batteries and lead acid batteries. Start from this article, we will introduce several advanced batteries for you one by one. In this article, we focus on hydrogen fuel battery.
Fuel battery is usually nonrechargeable. As a kind of fuel battery, the “charging mode” of hydrogen fuel battery is actually hydrogen filling.
The advantage of hydrogen fuel battery is 0 pollutant emission. Hydrogen generates electricity, motor drives vehicle. We change gas stations into hydrogen refueling stations and everything seems to be Ok.
However, the entire process is not as simple as what you see. One problem we need to consider is the manufacture, transportation, and storage of hydrogen. Gaseous hydrogen needs to be stored in high pressure gasholder while liquid hydrogen needs to be maintained at very low temperature which costs excessive consumption of electric energy. It is far more troubling than fuel oil.
Manufacturing of hydrogen is relatively simple. But if you want to transport hydrogen to hydrogen refueling station, special pipelines are needed. Considering the hydrogen embrittlement, the transportation, storage, and refilling of hydrogen demand facilities with high security.
For fuel oil and natural gas, we have existing infrastructures to utilize; for lithium battery, we have existing power grid to utilize; while for hydrogen fuel battery, we have nothing. If we plan to manufacture vehicles with hydrogen fuel batteries, we need to build an entire system from hydrogen manufacture, to transportation and storage first. It is really a costly project.
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